Extractor fans, often an overlooked yet vital component in our homes. Whether it's eliminating cooking odours in the kitchen, reducing humidity in the bathroom, or ventilating a stuffy basement, extractor fans work silently in the background to improve our living environment. But how do they function?
As homeowners or DIY enthusiasts, understanding the workings of an extractor fan can be incredibly beneficial. It allows you to make informed decisions about what type of fan to install, where to place it, and even how to maintain it for optimal performance. This knowledge is also valuable when troubleshooting issues or discussing requirements with professionals.
In this comprehensive guide, we will take a closer look at extractor fans - their purpose, how they operate, and why they are a crucial addition to any home. So, whether you're planning to install a new extractor fan, replace an old one, or simply curious about how these devices work, read on!
What Does an Extractor Fan Do?
- Improves Air Quality: An extractor fan works by drawing out stale, humid, or contaminated air from a room and expelling it outside. This process allows fresh air to circulate back into the room, maintaining a well-ventilated space.
- Controls Kitchen Fumes and Odours: Installed above stoves or cooking hobs in kitchens, extractor fans effectively remove fumes, steam, and grease that accumulate in the air during cooking. This prevents these elements from spreading throughout your home, keeping your kitchen clean and odor-free.
- Manages Moisture Levels in Bathrooms: In bathrooms, extractor fans help eliminate moisture-laden air produced by baths, showers, and sinks. This action helps prevent issues like mold growth and dampness.
- Regulates Indoor Temperatures: By expelling hot air and drawing in cooler air from outside, extractor fans help manage indoor temperatures, reducing reliance on air conditioning systems.
- Reduces Energy Consumption: By managing indoor temperatures, extractor fans can contribute to a reduction in energy consumption.
In essence, an extractor fan's main role is to create a healthier and more comfortable indoor environment by regulating air quality, controlling moisture, and managing odours.
Types of Extractor Fan
Extractor fans come in different types, each designed for specific applications and environments. Here are the most common types:
- Axial Fans: These are the most common type of extractor fan used in homes. They are best suited for short duct runs, such as walls or windows. The fan blades work in a similar way to an airplane propeller, pushing the air parallel to the shaft on which the blades rotate.
- Centrifugal Fans: Also known as inline fans, these are typically more powerful than axial fans and can handle longer duct runs. They're ideal for situations where the ducting has many bends or turns. The air is drawn in along the axis and then expelled at a 90-degree angle.
- Mixed Flow Fans: As the name suggests, these fans combine the features of axial and centrifugal fans. They have the power of centrifugal fans but operate as quietly as axial fans, making them a popular choice for many homeowners.
- Kitchen Extractor Fans: These are specially designed for kitchens, capable of handling grease and high temperatures. They often come with filters to trap grease particles and prevent them from building up in the ductwork.
- Bathroom Extractor Fans: These fans are designed to handle high humidity levels. They often come with features like timers or humidity sensors that can trigger the fan to turn on when moisture levels reach a certain point.
- Heat Recovery Fans: These advanced fans not only extract stale air but also recover heat from it. They then use this heat to warm the incoming fresh air, providing energy-efficient ventilation.
Each type of extractor fan has its benefits and is suitable for different applications. Understanding these types can help you choose the right fan for your needs.
Placement of Your Extractor Fan
The positioning of your extractor fan plays a significant role in its effectiveness. Here are some general guidelines for the placement of different types of extractor fans:
Kitchen Extractor Fans
Ideally, these should be placed directly above the stove or hob to effectively capture and extract cooking fumes, steam, and heat. For kitchen hoods, the optimal height is typically between 65-75 cm above the cooktop.
Bathroom Extractor Fans
These should be installed as high as possible on a wall, or on the ceiling, as moisture and steam rise. Avoid placing it near a supply air vent or window, as this might draw fresh air out instead of the humid air.
Basement or Attic Fans
These fans are best placed at the highest point where hot air tends to accumulate. They should also be situated near sources of dampness or stale air.
General Room Extractor Fans
For general room ventilation, place the fan on the upper part of the wall opposite the door or windows. This placement encourages a natural airflow across the room.
Remember, the effectiveness of an extractor fan doesn't just rely on its type or power, but also on its placement.
How to Install an Extractor Fan
Installing an extractor fan can be a complex process that requires cutting holes through ceilings and walls, installing ducting, and working with electrics. Here's a basic guide to help you understand the process:
- Plan for Your Fan: Use a pipe and cable detector to check for any hidden pipes and cables in the area where you plan to install the fan. This is especially important if you're installing a new fan, rather than replacing an existing one.
- Create the Hole: Cut out the hole where the fan will be installed using a jigsaw or another appropriate tool. If you're installing in a wall, make sure the hole is at least 15cm above window level to avoid drafts.
- Position the Fan: Place the fan in the hole and mark the screw holes. Drill pilot holes at these marks.
- Attach the Ducting: Attach the ducting to the fan. The exhaust duct should run directly to the exterior of the home to effectively remove moisture and odors. Avoid running the duct to a soffit or right under a roof.
- Secure the Fan: Screw the fan into place, ensuring it's secure in its position.
- Connect the Wiring: Connect the fan to the electrical supply. Remember, since an extractor fan is powered by electricity, it's essential to get a Part P qualified electrician to do this work to ensure safety and compliance with building regulations.
- Test the Fan: Once everything is securely in place and wired up, test the fan to ensure it's working properly.
Remember, while this guide provides an overview of the process, installing an extractor fan can be complicated and potentially hazardous if not done correctly. It's always recommended to hire a professional, especially when dealing with electrics.
Considering Fan Size & Power
When selecting an extractor fan, it's important to consider both the size and power of the fan to ensure it can effectively ventilate your space. Here's what you need to keep in mind:
- Room Size: The size of your room directly impacts the size and power of the fan you'll need. Larger rooms or spaces require fans with a higher extraction rate, measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM). As a general rule, you should aim for a fan that can completely exchange the air in the room at least 8 times per hour.
- Duct Length: The length and complexity of the ductwork connecting your fan to the outside can also affect the power you need. Longer duct runs or those with many bends require a more powerful fan to effectively push the air through.
- Fan Size: The physical size of the fan needs to fit the space where it will be installed. For example, if you're replacing an existing fan, you'll need to ensure the new one fits the existing hole.
- Noise Level: More powerful fans can often be noisier. It's important to balance the need for ventilation with the potential noise disturbance, especially in areas like bedrooms or study rooms. Fan noise is measured in sones; the lower the sone rating, the quieter the fan.
- Energy Efficiency: Consider the fan's energy consumption, especially for fans that will be running frequently. Look for energy-efficient models to help reduce your overall energy usage and costs.
By considering these factors, you can choose an extractor fan that not only fits your space but also effectively improves your indoor air quality.
FAQs
Some of our most frequently asked questions from customers.
Q: How should I clean the extractor fan?
A: Cleaning your extractor fan regularly helps maintain its efficiency, reduces the risk of fire, and improves overall hygiene in your kitchen or bathroom. Here are some general steps you can follow to keep your extractor fan clean:
- Unplug the Extractor Fan: Always disconnect the extractor fan from the mains before starting any cleaning process. This ensures your safety while working on the device.
- Remove the Outer Cover: Depending on the model of your extractor fan, you may need to remove screws or clips to detach the outer cover or grille. Once removed, wash it in a warm solution of dish soap and water, then leave it to dry.
- Clean the Fan Blades: Use a soft cloth or microfiber cloth to gently wipe dust and grime off the fan blades. Be careful not to apply too much pressure, as this could damage the blades.
- Hoover the Inside: If your hoover has a brush attachment, use it to clean the inside of the extractor unit. Start from the back and move forwards, so you don't spread dust onto areas you've already cleaned.
- Clean the Filters: For kitchen extractor fans, the filters may need extra attention as they can accumulate grease over time. Carefully remove the filters, soak them in hot water with a few drops of dish soap, then scrub gently before rinsing and drying.
- Reassemble the Fan: Once all parts are clean and thoroughly dry, reassemble the extractor fan. Make sure to screw or clip everything back into place securely.
Remember, extractor fans should be cleaned every six months or so to keep them in good working order. If you're unsure about any part of the process, consider hiring a professional cleaner to ensure the job is done safely and correctly.
Q: Can I Use an Extractor Fan in a Room Without Windows?
A: Yes, you can use an extractor fan in a room without windows. In fact, it's highly recommended in areas with poor ventilation or no natural airflow, such as basements or interior bathrooms. An extractor fan can help improve air quality by removing stale air and introducing fresh air from adjacent rooms or from outside through ductwork.
Q: How Do I Know If My Extractor Fan Needs Replacing?
A: There are several signs that your extractor fan may need replacing:
- Noise: If your fan is making more noise than usual, it could be a sign that it's struggling to work effectively.
- Poor Performance: If you notice that the air in your bathroom or kitchen stays humid or smoky for longer after you've used the fan, it might not be working as efficiently as it should.
- Age: Most extractor fans have a lifespan of about 10 years. If yours is older than this, it may be time to consider a replacement.
- Visible Damage: If you see visible signs of wear and tear, like rust or broken parts, it's likely time for a new fan. If you're experiencing any of these issues, it's best to consult with a professional to evaluate whether repair or replacement is the best course of action.
Q: What if my bathroom doesn't have an extractor fan?
A: If your bathroom doesn't have an extractor fan, it's important to consider installing one. Bathrooms are often areas of high humidity and moisture due to showers and baths. Without proper ventilation, this can lead to issues such as mould and mildew growth, which can damage your home and impact your health.
If installing an extractor fan is not feasible, there are other ways to improve ventilation:
- Open Windows: If your bathroom has windows, open them during and after a bath or shower to allow steam to escape.
- Portable Fans: A portable fan can help circulate air in your bathroom, reducing the amount of humidity.
- Dehumidifiers: These devices can help reduce the overall moisture level in the room.
However, none of these solutions are as effective as a properly installed extractor fan in removing moisture and odours from a bathroom.
In Conclusion
In conclusion, extractor fans play a crucial role in maintaining good air quality and preventing the accumulation of excess moisture in your home. Choosing the right extractor fan involves consideration of several factors, from its power to its noise level and size.
Regular cleaning and maintenance can ensure longevity, but it's also important to recognise when your fan needs replacing. Regardless of your specific needs, there is a variety of extractor fan types available to choose from: